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An investigation of rural-urban migration and its effects on social infrastructure in Ikom Local Government Area, Cross River State

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Background of the Study:
Rural-urban migration is reshaping the socio-economic landscapes of communities, as evident in Ikom Local Government Area. This phenomenon is driven by the search for better economic opportunities and improved living conditions in urban areas, often at the expense of rural social infrastructure (Etim, 2023). The movement of people from rural to urban centers has led to changes in demographic structures, altering the demand for social services such as education, healthcare, and housing (Udo, 2024). These shifts have placed considerable pressure on urban infrastructure while leaving rural areas with reduced human capital and labor shortages. Moreover, migration has implications for social cohesion and community identity, as traditional networks are disrupted (Inyang, 2023). Recent studies indicate that the effects of migration are multifaceted, impacting economic development, cultural integration, and public service provision in both rural and urban settings (Akpan, 2024).

Statement of the Problem:
Ikom Local Government Area is witnessing significant social infrastructure challenges due to rural-urban migration. The rapid influx of migrants in urban centers has strained existing services, while rural areas experience decline in social capital and resource allocation, leading to uneven development (Mbanefo, 2023).

Objectives of the Study:

  1. To examine the impact of migration on social infrastructure in Ikom.

  2. To assess the challenges faced by urban centers due to migration.

  3. To recommend sustainable strategies for balanced regional development.

Research Questions:

  1. How does rural-urban migration affect social infrastructure in Ikom?

  2. What challenges do urban centers face with increased migration?

  3. What measures can balance development between rural and urban areas?

Research Hypotheses:

  1. Rural-urban migration significantly strains urban social infrastructure.

  2. Migration leads to a decline in rural social services.

  3. Strategic planning can mitigate the adverse effects of migration.

Significance of the Study:
This study is significant as it reveals the complexities of migration on social infrastructure and regional development. Its insights support the creation of balanced development policies to improve service delivery and community integration (Obi, 2024).

Scope and Limitations of the Study:
Limited to the topic only.

Definitions of Terms:

  • Rural-Urban Migration: The movement of people from rural areas to urban centers.

  • Social Infrastructure: Facilities and services that support community well-being.

  • Demographic Structure: The composition of a population in terms of age, gender, and other factors.





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